|
Akai |
¼” Akai VT100/110/120/150/700 |
1/4 inch tape |
open reel |
1969 |
|
De 100/110/120 waren zw recorders, de 150
kleur en de 700 zwart/wit, maar daar konden ook grotere spoelen op.
Het gebruik van audiotape is NIET aan te raden |
|
Akai |
VT300 |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1975 |
|
Leuk systeem met nog zeer goed beeld na
al deze jaren, wel zwart/wit, de cassettes lijken een beetje op
betamax |
|
Ampex |
1" A format |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1965 |
|
Voor industrieel en educatief gebruik,
werd snel opgevolgd door C-formaat wat veel beter was. Sommige a
formats zijn omgebouwd door Ampex naar C-formaat. Studiokwaliteit. |
|
Ampex |
Quadruplex |
2 inch tape |
open reel |
1956 |
|
De naam "Quad" was afkomstig van de 4 koppige drum die
240 omwentelingen per minuut maakte, longitudiaal scanning |
|
Ampex |
VR 1500/600 |
2 inch tape |
open reel |
1963 |
|
De eerste thuisrecorder van de VS, in nederland was dat
de N1500 van Philips |
|
Ampex |
ACR 25 |
2 inch tape |
open reel |
1970 |
|
Een machine voor commercials |
|
Ampex |
Digital Component Technology |
3/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1992 |
|
DCT was the first format to employ
digital video compression to reduce recorded bit rate. |
|
Ampex and Sony |
D2 |
3/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1986 |
|
Digital composite format. Advancements in
component-based advanced TV ended the interest in composite, including
D2. Cassettes hold up to 180 minutes. 450 lines of resolution. |
|
Ampex/Sony |
1" C format |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1976 |
|
Door Ampex en Sony geproduceerd, is
studiokwaliteit en heeft stilstaand streeploos beeld. |
|
Bauer |
Bauer ¼” |
1/4 inch tape |
? |
1969 |
|
Well-known for its Super-8 amateur movie
cameras, Bauer attempted to take part in the video adventure while
demise of Super-8 format was announced. |
|
Bosch |
1" B format (BCN) |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1976 |
|
In Europa erg populair, is van "75 tot
"92 de standaard gewest bij het voormalige NOB. Had geen stilstaand
beeld, ook geen beeld bij doospoelen wat een enorm nadeel was. De
BCN20 was de ENG recorder. |
|
Cartivision |
AVCO Cartivision |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1972 |
|
Short-lived consumer format that was
ahead of its time. It was the first simple consumer video recording
and playback system to hit the market. |
|
Concord |
VTR-600 |
1/2 inch tape |
open reel |
1967 |
|
Open-reel black-and-white format. |
|
D4 |
D4 |
1/4 inch tape |
cassette |
? |
|
4 is een onheilsgetal in het oosten en wordt derhalve
niet gebruikt |
|
EIAJ |
DV |
1/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1996 |
|
AKA miniDV (formerly DVC) Many
manufacturers released first DV camcorders in 1995 - Sony, Philips,
Thomson, Hitachi, Panasonic, etc. First digital recording format
available to consumers. Nearly loss-less broadcast quality picture.
Maximum tape length is 80 minutes in SP mode or 120 minutes in LP
mode. 500 lines of resolution. |
|
EIAJ and others |
8mm/ Video8 |
8 mm tape |
cassette |
1983 |
|
8 mm systeem van Kodak released in
1984. 255 lijnen resolutie |
|
Fisher Price |
Pixelvision |
1/4 inch tape |
cassette |
198? |
|
Speelgoed waarme op een audiocassette zw beeld kon
worden opgenomen |
|
Funai/ Technicolor |
Compact Video Cassette |
1/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1984 |
|
Was een portable systeem met maximaal 60 minuten
speelduur op kleine cassettes |
|
IVC |
IVC 9000 |
2 inch tape |
open reel |
1973 |
|
helical scan |
|
IVC |
IVC 700/800/900 |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1967 |
|
Voor militair en institutioneel gebruik |
|
JVC |
VHS |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1976 |
|
VHS maakte zijn doorbraak eind jaren 70, met 240
oplosbare beeldlijnen |
|
JVC |
D9 |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1995 |
|
Digital S met 540 oplosbare beeldlijnen |
|
JVC |
D9 HD |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
2000 |
|
Ook wel: Digital S-100 |
|
JVC |
W-VHS |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1994 |
|
Analog HDTV Uses a cassette physically
identical with VHS. Due to its high cost, it never caught on as a
consumer format, and due to its reduced quality, it never caught on as
a professional format. |
|
JVC and others |
S-VHS |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1988 |
|
Hi Band versie van VHS, kleur en helderheid kunnen
gescheiden uit de recorder worden gehaald, wat een beter kwalietit
geeft, 400 oplosbare beeldlijnen |
|
JVC and others |
VHS-C |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1985 |
|
Camera versie met kleine cassettes, max 45 minuten |
|
JVC and others |
SVHS-C |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1988 |
|
Camera versie met kleine cassettes, max 45 minuten |
|
JVC/ Matsushita |
D-VHS |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1997 |
|
Consumer digital format, hierop wordt ook wel eens
gearchiveerd ivm de lage kosten per minuut |
|
Machtronics |
MVC-10 |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1962 |
|
One of the first commercial 1-inch
helical scan videotape recorders in the US. |
|
Matsushita/ Panasonic |
D5 |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1994 |
|
Component, non-compressed digital format.
Can playback D3 tapes. |
|
Panasonic |
EIAJ Cartridge |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1971 |
|
Ook wel Omnivision genaamd. De cassette had een spoel
in zich, de andere reel zat in de recorder |
|
Panasonic |
D3 |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1991 |
|
Introduced as Panasonic’s answer to D2,
it was promoted as a low-cost digital alternative. Achieved more than
twice the recording capacity of D2. 450 lines of resolution. |
|
Panasonic |
D5HD |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1994 |
|
Compressed HD version van D5. Can work
with 1080 line and 720 line HDTV formats. |
|
Panasonic |
DVCPRO 50 |
1/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1998 |
|
Two more digital channels than DVCPRO. |
|
Panasonic |
DVCPRO HD |
1/4 inch tape |
cassette |
2000 |
|
High-definition version of DVCPRO
recording the same signal as D9HD. Machines can play all previous
forms of DVCPRO tapes as well as DVCAM and DV tapes. |
|
Panasonic/ EIAJ |
D7 |
1/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1995 |
|
AKA DVCPRO. Capable of 4X playback speed.
Decks can play back DVCAM. 530 lines of resolution. |
|
Panasonic/ Quasar |
VX |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1975 |
|
“The Great Time Machine”. Its one-head
helical-scan format required a nearly 360-degree tape wrap. |
|
Panasonic/JVC |
M |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1981 |
|
De Japanse nationale omroep NHK heeft
samen met Mashusita dit systeem ontwikkeld, er gingen gewone VHS tapes
in de machine, de bandsnelheid is wel het 4 voudige |
|
Panasonic/JVC |
MII |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1985 |
|
Vergelijkbaar met Beta SP, YC worden gescheiden op de
band geschreven. Er zijn ook machines met DTF. De band is niet
compatible met MI |
|
Philips |
EL-3402 |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1968 |
|
Voor thuisgebruik |
|
Philips and Grundig |
Video 2000 |
1/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1979 |
|
Als opvolger van de VCR reeks voorgesteld in 1979, 2x 4
uur opnametijd en later 2x8 uur, in 1987 uit productie genomen |
|
Phillips |
EL-3400 |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1964 |
|
Voor institutioneel gebruik en voor thuis, als je m kon
betalen |
|
Phillips |
Phillips VCR N1500 series |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1971 |
|
Voor thuisgebruik/institutioneel gebruik. Opnamen in
kleur mogelijk, max 70 minuten |
|
Phillips |
Phillips VCR N1700 series |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1976 |
|
Voor thuisgebruik, maximaal 180 minuten, tot 81
leverbaar geweest door Philips |
|
Philips |
LDL 1200 series |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1969 |
|
Voor professioneel gebruik, 1250 en 1280 bestonden ook |
|
Philips |
LDL 1000/1002 series |
1/2 inch tape |
open reel |
1968 |
|
Voor thuisgebruik/scholen, in de machine zat geen tuner |
|
Philips/Grundig |
Series 87 |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1972 |
|
Voor professioneel gebruik, 8Mhz machine |
|
Precision Instruments |
PI-3V |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1963 |
|
Two-head helical scan recorder. |
|
RCA |
Octaplex |
2 inch tape |
open reel |
? |
|
Militair gebruik |
|
RCA |
TCR 100 "Quad" |
2 inch tape |
open reel |
1969 |
|
These small videotapes allowed
broadcasters to access commercials without physically splicing them
into the broadcasting program. |
|
RCA/ Panasonic |
M |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1982 |
|
Initially called Recam (recording camera)
by Panasonic and Hawkeye by RCA. RCA broadcast went out of business
shortly after it was released. It was the first component format
consisting of two separate signal systems: one for luminance and
another for chroma. Originally designed to use VHS tapes. |
|
Sanyo |
V-Cord |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1972 |
|
Consumer home video format. The V-Cord II
was the first consumer machine to offer two recording speeds,
freeze-frame and slow motion. |
|
Sony |
EV-200 |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1964 |
|
The first “portable” VTR Sony offered for
general use. |
|
Sony |
UV-340 or EV-210 |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1964 |
|
1” videotape, voor de Educatieve markt |
|
Sony |
BVH-1000 |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1976 |
|
C-format machine waar ook Ampex typen van had. In
Nederland niet een enorm populair systeem geweest, men koos hier voor
B-format (BCN) |
|
Sony |
HDV-1000 |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1984 |
|
First commercial high-definition format.
Recorded component analog video on 1-inch open-reel tape. At the time,
HDTV had 1035 active lines. The direct predecessor of the HDD-1000. |
|
Sony |
HDD-1000 |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1988 |
|
First digital component high-definition
recorder. At the time, had 1035 active lines. The starting price of
the HDD-1000 and the required HDDP-1000 companion processor in 1988
was $600,000, metal evaporated tape cost $2500.00 per hour of tape and
each reel weighed nearly 10 pounds. |
|
Sony |
CV |
1/2 inch tape |
open reel |
1965 |
|
CV (Consumer Video/Commercial Video) Een zeer populair
systeem tussen eind 60 en in de 70-er jaren |
|
Sony |
AV |
1/2 inch tape |
open reel |
1969 |
|
Verbeterde versie van CV, geen skipped field methode,
ook in kleur leverbaar geweest |
|
Sony |
Betamax |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1976 |
|
Betamax is technisch gebaseerd op u-matic (de
tapewrap), vwb de beeldkwaliteit was er geen vergelijk. |
|
Sony |
ED Beta/Superbeta |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1987 |
|
ED (Enhanced Definition) Introduced as a
competition to SVHS. |
|
Sony |
Betacam |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1982 |
|
½” Type L. Developed as a
component-recording professional format to be able to use consumer
cassettes…Betamax. Records an analog component signal, meaning it is
split into three separate channels: red, green and blue. This
splitting of channels provides a crisp, true broadcast quality
product. 300 lines of resolution. |
|
Sony |
Betacam SP |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1986 |
|
SP (Superior Performance) is still an industry
standard for most TV stations and high-end production houses. 340 lines of resolution. |
|
Sony |
Digital Betacam |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1993 |
|
Digital successor to Betacam. Considered
to have almost the same quality as D1 at half the cost and size. High
end SDTV. Can playback, but not record betacam SP tapes. Sony’s answer
to DCT and D5. |
|
Sony |
Betacam SX |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1996 |
|
Digital format targeted for ENG and
newsroom use. Can be sent back to the studio at 2X speed on a standard
DS0-3 data connection. |
|
Sony |
D11 |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
1997 |
|
AKA HDCAM. Compressed digital HDTV format
that employs both subsampling and compression to reduce data
bandwidth. |
|
Sony |
MPEG IMX |
1/2 inch tape |
cassette |
2001 |
|
Enhanced picture quality and
multi-generation performance. Certain models allow playback of all
current broadcast beta formats. |
|
Sony |
DVCAM |
1/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1996 |
|
Sony’s antwoord op DVCPRO. |
|
Sony |
Helical SV-201 |
2 inch tape |
open reel |
1962 |
|
Two-head system that was marketed for
industrial, educational, and medical applications. |
|
Sony |
¾” U-Matic SP |
3/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1988 |
|
Bredere koppenspleet en nauwkeurigere electronica
resulteerde in 500 beeldlijnen. Gebruikte wel andere cassettes. Met de
SP machine kan ook lowband en BVU worden opgenomen |
|
Sony |
¾” U-Matic BVU |
3/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1982 |
|
Een hiband versie van low band u-matic |
|
Sony |
¾” U-Matic |
3/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1971 |
|
Ook wel low band genoemd |
|
Sony |
D1 |
3/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1987 |
|
First digital VTR. Received little
acceptance in broadcast where it was designed for, but was welcomed in
graphics production. Due to expensive machines and tapes, it was
mainly used in high-end postproduction facilities that incorporate
special effects with multiple layering of video signal. 460 lines of
resolution. |
|
Sony |
HI8 |
8 mm tape |
cassette |
1989 |
|
Much improved version of 8mm video. Has
an optional second AFM track for stereo sound. 415 lines of
resolution. Maximum tape length is 120 minutes in SP mode. |
|
Sony |
DV |
8 mm tape |
cassette |
1994 |
|
Voor consumentengebruik, maar wordt ook wel voor de
semi professionele videobranche gebruikt, 510 beellijnen |
|
Sony |
Digital 8 |
8 mm tape |
cassette |
1999 |
|
Records same digital signal as DV onto
less expensive Hi8 tapes. Plays back 8mm and Hi8 tapes. A 120 minute
Hi8 tape can record 60 minutes of Digital 8. Has analog inputs for
digitally archiving existing analog footage. Audio is CD-quality. |
|
Sony/ JVC/ Matsushita |
¾” U-Matic |
3/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1970 |
|
One of the most successful formats of all
time. Until its release, news acquisitions had primarily been gathered
on 16mm film. Three versions. 280 lines of resolution. |
|
Sony/ Panasonic/ others |
1/2" EIAJ Type 1 |
1/2 inch tape |
open reel |
1969 |
|
Electronics Industries Association of
Japan. AKA ½” AV (Audio/Visual) Low end industrial and educational
recordings. Open-reel. |
|
Toshiba |
1” Analog HDTV |
1 inch tape |
open reel |
1985 |
|
First HDTV VTR |
|
Toshiba/BTS |
D6 |
3/4 inch tape |
cassette |
1995 |
|
Digital HDTV. Uses more heads and offers
more audio channels than any other videotape format. |
